About Depression

Depression is a common and serious mental health condition that affects a person’s mood, thoughts, and overall functioning. It can cause persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. Depression affects people of all ages and backgrounds, and can interfere with daily activities, school, work, and relationships. There are several types of depression including major depressive disorder (MDD), postpartum depression, persistent depressive disorder, seasonal affective disorder (SAD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and unspecified depression.

Symptoms of Depression:

Depression manifests in both emotional and physical symptoms. The severity and combination of these symptoms can vary from person to person, but common signs include:

Emotional Symptoms:

  • Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or emptiness.

  • Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed (anhedonia).

  • Irritability or frustration over small matters.

  • Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or self-blame.

  • Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or thinking clearly.

  • Feelings of anxiety.

  • Thoughts of death or suicide (in severe cases).

  • Lack of motivation.

Physical Symptoms:

  • Fatigue or loss of energy.

  • Changes in appetite or weight.

  • Insomnia or excessive sleeping.

  • Aches, pains, or digestive problems without a clear physical cause.

  • Decreased libido or lack of interest in sexual activities.

Causes of Depression:

Depression can be triggered by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Some of the most common contributors include:

  1. Genetics:
    A family history of depression or other mental health disorders can increase the risk of developing depression.

  2. Chemical Imbalance:
    Neurotransmitters (chemical messengers in the brain), like serotonin and dopamine, are often imbalanced in individuals with depression. This imbalance can affect mood regulation.

  3. Life Events and Stress:
    Traumatic experiences, such as the loss of a loved one, divorce, any change, financial difficulties, can trigger or exacerbate depression. Ongoing stress and chronic life challenges also increase the risk.

  4. Health Conditions:
    Certain medical conditions, such as chronic illness, neurological disorders, or hormonal imbalances, can lead to depressive symptoms.

Treatment for Depression

Depression is a treatable condition, and several approaches are used to help manage symptoms:

  1. Psychotherapy:
    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a widely used therapy to help individuals identify and change negative thought patterns. Interpersonal therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy, and psychodynamic therapy may also be effective in addressing emotional and relational factors contributing to depression.

  2. Medications:
    Antidepressant medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), are commonly prescribed to help balance neurotransmitter levels in the brain.

  3. Lifestyle and Support:
    Regular physical activity, healthy eating, and good sleep hygiene can support mental health. Building a strong social support network and engaging in mindfulness techniques or relaxation exercises can also play a crucial role in recovery.

When to Get Help

If you or someone you know is experiencing persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, lack of energy, isolation, low motivation, or thoughts of suicide, it’s important to seek professional help immediately. Early intervention increases the chances of effective treatment and recovery.

Depression is highly treatable with therapy. Medication can also be helpful for some individuals. You can improve your quality of life with help from a trusted mental health professional.

Learn more about our depression specialists here.

Are you or a loved one feeling depressed? Fill out this form to get connected with our team and find the therapist who is the best fit for you.